The Bank of England has cut its base interest rate again, this time lowering it from 5% to 4.75%. This is the second cut this year, following the reduction from 5.25% to 5% in August. With these drops, we are seeing the most significant rate reduction actions in recent years, and they will bring a few noticeable effects across borrowing, saving, housing, and broader economic dynamics in the UK.
Impact on Borrowers and Homeowners
For those with variable-rate mortgages-like tracker or standard variable rate (SVR) mortgages-these reductions should lead to lower monthly repayments, as lenders tend to adjust their rates to reflect the base rate change. However, the extent of these savings and the speed at which they're passed on vary among lenders, and some may delay making changes.
For homeowners with fixed-rate mortgages, this base rate cut won't lead to immediate changes. Still, it could affect future fixed-rate deals, potentially making them more attractive and accessible for those considering refinancing or new home purchases.
Effect on Savers
While borrowers benefit from lower interest rates, savers could feel a pinch. Banks typically reduce interest rates on savings accounts after a base rate cut, which would mean savers may earn less interest on their deposits. With these recent reductions, financial experts are advising UK savers to consider securing higher rates while they're still available in some products, as further cuts may reduce returns even more.
Martin Lewis and other financial advisors recommend checking current savings account options to lock in better rates now, as the downward trend in interest rates may continue in the short term.
Housing Market Dynamics
The continued lowering of interest rates is anticipated to stimulate activity within the housing market. Reduced borrowing costs mean that mortgages could become more affordable, which might drive up demand for property and support housing prices in the short term.
In October, house prices already saw a slight increase, and mortgage approvals reached a two-year high, pointing to a potential resurgence in housing demand. However, it's worth noting that house prices remain influenced by other factors like overall economic stability, affordability, and consumer confidence.
Broader Economic Implications
The cut to 4.75% comes as the Bank of England aims to support economic growth amid economic headwinds. Lowering the interest rate can make borrowing cheaper, which in turn encourages consumer spending and business investment. Both of these factors are vital to fostering economic growth, as seen in recent figures showing a 0.2% rise in GDP in August.
The Bank of England, however, is approaching these reductions with caution. While lower rates can stimulate growth, the Bank has emphasized that they are not looking to start a rapid rate-cutting cycle. Their goal remains to balance growth with inflation control, and they are expected to adjust rates with an eye toward maintaining low and stable inflation in the long term.
Considerations for the Future
While these rate reductions are intended to aid economic recovery, it's crucial to watch how inflation, consumer behaviour, and business investments respond. If inflation remains under control, further adjustments may be made, but the Bank of England has indicated that any future moves will be approached carefully.
In summary, the recent reduction of interest rates to 4.75% will likely provide relief for borrowers and some renewed energy in the housing market, but at the cost of reduced savings returns. The broader impact on the economy will depend on how these shifts in borrowing and spending behaviour influence growth and inflation.